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Language Milestones
Are you worried your child isn’t meeting the speech and language milestones that he or she should? Here is a checklist of language developmental norms for children by age.
By age one
Milestones
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Recognizes name
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Says 2-3 words besides "mama" and "dada"
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Imitates familiar words
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Understands simple instructions
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Recognizes words as symbols for objects: car - points to garage, cat - meows
Activities to encourage your child's language
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Respond to your child's coos, gurgles, and babbling
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Talk to your child as you care for him or her throughout the day
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Read colorful books to your child every day
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Tell nursery rhymes and sing songs
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Teach your child the names of everyday items and familiar people
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Take your child with you to new places and situations
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Play simple games with your child such as "peek-a-boo" and "pat-a-cake"
Between one and two
Milestones
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Understands "no"
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Uses 10 to 20 words, including names
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Combines two words such as "daddy bye-bye"
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Waves good-bye and plays pat-a-cake
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Makes the "sounds" of familiar animals
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Gives a toy when asked
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Uses words such as "more" to make wants known
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Points to his or her toes, eyes, and nose
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Brings object from another room when asked
Activities to encourage your child's language
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Reward and encourage early efforts at saying new words
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Talk to your baby about everything you're doing while you're with him
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Talk simply, clearly, and slowly to your child
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Talk about new situations before you go, while you're there, and again when you are home
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Look at your child when he or she talks to you
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Describe what your child is doing, feeling, hearing
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Let your child listen to children's records and tapes
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Praise your child's efforts to communicate
Between two and three
Milestones
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Identifies body parts
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Carries on 'conversation' with self and dolls
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Asks "what's that?" And "where's my?"
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Uses 2-word negative phrases such as "no want".
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Forms some plurals by adding "s"; book, books
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Has a 450 word vocabulary (expressively)
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Understands 2,400 words
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Gives first name, holds up fingers to tell age
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Combines nouns and verbs "mommy go"
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Understands simple time concepts: "last night", "tomorrow"
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Refers to self as "me" rather than by name
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Tries to get adult attention: "watch me"
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Likes to hear same story repeated
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May say "no" when means "yes"
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Talks to other children as well as adults
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Solves problems by talking instead of hitting or crying
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Answers "where" questions
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Names common pictures and things
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Uses short sentences like "me want more" or "me want cookie"
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Matches 3-4 colors, knows big and little
Activities to encourage your child's language
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Repeat new words over and over
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Help your child listen and follow instructions by playing games: "pick up the ball," "Touch Daddy's s nose"
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Take your child on trips and talk about what you see before, during and after the trip
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Let your child tell you answers to simple questions
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Read books every day, perhaps as part of the bedtime routine
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Listen attentively as your child talks to you
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Describe what you are doing, planning, thinking
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Have the child deliver simple messages for you (Mommy needs you, Daddy )
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Carry on conversations with the child, preferably when the two of you have some quiet time together
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Ask questions to get your child to think and talk
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Show the child you understand what he or she says by answering, smiling, and nodding your head
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Expand what the; child says. If he or she says, "more juice," you say, "Sam wants more juice."
Between three and four
Milestones
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Can tell a story
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Has a sentence length of 4-5 words
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Has a vocabulary of nearly 1000 words
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Understands over 4000 words
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Names at least one color
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Understands "yesterday," "summer", "lunchtime", "tonight", "little-big"
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Begins to obey requests like "put the block under the chair"
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Knows his or her last name, name of street on which he/she lives and several nursery rhymes
Activities to encourage your child's language
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Talk about how objects are the same or different
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Help your child to tell stories using books and pictures
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Let your child play with other children
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Read longer stories to your child
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Pay attention to your child when he's talking
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Talk about places you've been or will be going
Between four and five
Milestones
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Has sentence length of 4-5 words
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Uses past tense correctly
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Has a vocabulary of nearly 1500 words
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Understands 5600 words
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Points to colors red, blue, yellow and green
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Identifies triangles, circles and squares
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Understands "In the morning" , "next", "noontime"
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Can speak of imaginary conditions such as "I hope"
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Asks many questions, asks "who?" And "why?"
Activities to encourage your child's language
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Help your child sort objects and things (ex. things you eat, animals.)
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Teach your child how to use the telephone
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Let your child help you plan activities such as what you will make for Thanksgiving dinner
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Continue talking with him about his interests
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Read longer stories to him
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Let her tell and make up stories for you
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Show your pleasure when she comes to talk with you
Between five and six
Milestones
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Has a sentence length of 5-6 words
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Has a vocabulary of around 2000 words
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Understands 10,000 words
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Defines objects by their use (you eat with a fork) and can tell what objects are made of
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Knows spatial relations like "on top", "behind", "far" and "near"
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Knows her address
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Identifies a penny, nickel and dime
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Knows common opposites like "big/little"
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Understands "same" and "different"
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Counts ten objects
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Asks questions for information
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Distinguished left and right hand in herself
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Uses all types of sentences, for example "let's go to the store after we eat"
Activities to encourage your child's language
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Praise your child when she talks about her feelings, thoughts, hopes and fears
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Comment on what you did or how you think your child feels
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Sing songs, rhymes with your child
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Continue to read longer stories
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Talk with him as you would an adult
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Look at family photos and talk to him about your family history
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Listen to her when she talks to you
*Adapted from PRO-ED Inc. Language Milestone Chart
Helpful Resources
http://www.readingrockets.org/article/activities-encourage-speech-and-language-development
http://www.busybugkits.com.au/
It Takes Two To Talk: A Practical Guide For Parents of Children With Language Delays Paperback – Illustrated, November 30, 2004
by Jan Pepper (Author), Elaine Weitzman (Author)